in the same dual-purpose analysis that would lower both costs and the time needed.

The ultimate objective would thus be to develop a molecular method for real-time PCR enabling the simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp. Therefore, the recommended neck skin samples may be used for testing compliance with both PHCs. The sampling plan for the PHC on Campylobacter follows the same testing approach as for Salmonella, i.e., as recommended in Regulation (EC) No. A comparison of the duplex PCR method developed with the ISO method on artificially contaminated bacterial suspensions and on naturally contaminated samples demonstrated a good correlation of the results for Campylobacter enumeration when the duplex PCR was performed on samples taken before or after the pre-enrichment step, but revealed a slight bias with a large standard deviation resulting in widely spaced limits of agreement. Considering the method as a whole, the LOD and LOQ for Campylobacter enumeration were slightly over the limit of 3 log CFU/g set by the process hygiene criterion. A duplex PCR for Salmonella detection and Campylobacter spp. and quantify Campylobacter in the same analysis, using the same sample after the pre-enrichment step for Salmonella recovery. Therefore, it would be advantageous to simultaneously detect Salmonella spp. These methods are time-consuming and expensive for food business operators. The reference methods for verifying compliance with the criterion for Salmonella and Campylobacter are international standards EN ISO 6579-1 (2017) and EN ISO 10272-2 (2017), respectively. The criterion gives indicative contamination values above which corrective actions are required by food business operators.

In Europe, there is a process hygiene criterion for Salmonella and Campylobacter on broiler carcasses after chilling.

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